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Mariano Álvarez de Castro
Brigadier Mariano José Manuel Bernardo Álvarez Bermúdez de Castro y López Aparicio〔 (September 8, 1749 – January 21, 1810〔) was a Spanish military officer, and the military governor of Girona during the siege by the French during the War of Spanish Independence.
==Biography==
Álvarez was born in Granada. He joined the army in 1768 (aged 19), and studied at the Military Academy of Barcelona, graduating in 1775. He gained steady promotions, saw action in the siege of siege of Gibraltar in 1783, and by 1793 was a Colonel of Infantry. During the War of the Pyrenees (1793–1795) against France he took part in many notable actions, was wounded, and spent 75 days under fire at the siege of Collioure. As a result he was promoted to Brigadier.
On the accession of Joseph Bonaparte to the throne of Spain in 1808, Álvarez was commander of the castle of Montjuïc in Barcelona. On 29 February French troops arrived to take possession of the fortress. Álvarez was preparing to defend it against them when he received direct orders of his Commander in Chief to hand it over. Álvarez fled Barcelona and joined the Spanish rebels against French rule. The Spanish Government in Cadiz named him commander of the Army of Catalonia and Governor of Girona.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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